Photonic crystal-assisted fluorescence imaging immunoassay detection of cardiovascular disease: towards point-of-care mobile phone biosensing
Fluorescence biosensing is a powerful detection technique with high sensitivity. However, this high sensitivity often requires laboratory quality optical components, sources and detectors. As component quality decreases, sensitivity decreases. Additionally, some analytes are difficult to detect, even with laboratory quality equipment. Diatoms are a type of algae with a nanoporous biosilica shell called a frustule. These frustules’ photonic crystal-like structures enjoy optical properties such as augmented optical field on their surface and enhanced fluorophore emission. Besides optical enhancements, the physical structure of diatoms has a large surface area-to-volume ratio allowing for effective concentration of analytes. Cardiovascular disease biomarker, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), is generally detected using bulky, expensive and laboratory confined equipment. In this work, we pair photonic crystal-like frustules with a fluorescence imaging immunoassay to synergistically achieve detection of NT-proBNP. A calibration curve is found for quantitative analysis of NT-proBNP in buffer solution achieving good linearity. Our sensor is applied to the artificially introduced NT-proBNP in human plasma for the facile screening of heart failure. The fluorescence enhancement due to photonic crystal-like frustules enable sensitive biosensing and shows great promise for point-of-care, mobile phone biosensing applications.
Major Advisor: Alan Wang
Committee: Larry Cheng
Committee: Matthew Johnston
Committee: Gregory Rorrer
GCR: William Warnes
Monday, January 28, 2019 at 10:00am to 12:00pm
Kelley Engineering Center, 1007
110 SW Park Terrace, Corvallis, OR 97331
Calvin Hughes
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